ДАЛА ДИПЛОМАТИЯСЫ: КӨШПЕЛІЛЕРДІҢ КЕЛІССӨЗ ЖҮРГІЗУ МӘДЕНИЕТІ

Abstract

Abstract. This article provides a scholarly analysis of the formation of steppe diplomacy and the negotiation culture characteristic of nomadic societies. The diplomatic practices of nomads were closely linked to their socio-political structures, traditional legal norms, and worldview principles. The study examines the functions of the embassy institution, the legal significance of oral agreements, and the role of oath-taking rituals and symbolic actions in diplomatic processes. In international relations, nomadic rulers effectively combined the use of military force with negotiation and peacemaking mechanisms. Adherence to one’s word, mutual trust, and authority are identified as key factors ensuring the fulfillment of agreements. The findings demonstrate that steppe diplomacy constituted a systematic and well-developed institution within nomadic civilization and held a significant place in the history of international relations.